crayon – on Beria's proposal of 5 March 1940 to ‘try before special tribunals’ selected Polish citizens who were ‘sworn enemies of Soviet authority’.
Molotov (seated), Ribbentrop (standing left) and Stalin at the moment the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was signed in the Kremlin in August 1939. Stalin, as this picture shows, was happy and at ease with the Nazi Foreign Minister.
Finnish troops on exercise. They were shortly to fight during the war against the Soviet Union in the winter of 1939–40. The Finns initially had success against a Red Army that vastly outnumbered them.
Molotov (left) and Hitler during the Soviet Foreign Minister's visit to Berlin in November 1940. The trip was not a success.
Soviet troops cross into eastern Poland in the autumn of 1939. The secret part of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact had decreed that this area of Poland was in the Soviet ‘sphere of influence’.
Red Army soldiers surrender to a German tank unit in the summer of 1941. The Germans took 3 million Soviet prisoners in the first seven months of the war.
The German auxiliary cruiser Komet (Comet) in a variety of different guises. The ship, which sailed across the top of the Soviet Union in 1940, was regularly repainted, renamed and disguised in order to prevent detection.
German officers discuss with a Soviet officer (far left) the demarcation line between their various pieces of conquered territory after the signing of the Nazi-Soviet pact.
A vast prisoner of war camp, holding thousands of captured Red Army soldiers in the summer of 1941. During the course of the war the Germans took 5.7 million Soviet prisoners — 3.3 million died in captivity.
Major Hugh Lunghi (centre, with moustache) in Moscow as part of the British Military Mission. This photograph was taken after the war when Field Marshal Montgomery (third from right) visited the Soviet Union.
An Allied Arctic convoy – PQ 18 – comes under German attack. These convoys provided vital aid for the Soviet war effort.
The first wartime meeting between Franklin Roosevelt (left) and Winston Churchill in August 1941 aboard HMS Prince of Wales in Newfoundland. Here they would sign the Atlantic Charter.
Canadian soldiers – with British support – land on Spitsbergen in the Arctic circle in August 1941 as part of Operation Gauntlet.
Red Army soldiers fight amid the ruins of Stalingrad in the autumn and winter of 1942. They finally defeated the Germans here in early 1943 after Operation Uranus.
Valentina Ievleva, a teenager in Archangel, who became pregnant by an American sailor. She was subsequently sent to a labour camp, accused of ‘spying’.
Sir Owen O'Malley, British Ambassador to the Polish government-in-exile based in London. He wrote two key reports about the Katyn massacre.
The ruins of Stalingrad. Around half a million Soviet troops died in the epic struggle to recapture this city.
In the spring of 1943 the Germans uncovered evidence of Soviet atrocities against Polish citizens in the forest of Katyn.
The first encounter between Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin in Moscow in August 1942. Despite the smiles, this did not begin as a meeting of minds.
George Elsey, a naval officer in the White House Map Room during the war, briefs President Harry Truman.
Soldiers from the Polish II Corps patrol amongst the ruins of the town of Cassino, at the foot of Monte Cassino, in the aftermath of the battle in May 1944.
A street in Warsaw. The Germans destroyed the city in the summer and autumn of 1944.
Lieutenant General Władyslaw Anders commander of the Polish II Corps in the British army. He had successfully negotiated the release of thousands of his fellow Polish soldiers from the Soviet Union.
Nikonor Perevalov, an officer in the NKVD, who took part in the deportation of the entire Tatar nation from the Crimea in May 1944.
The ‘Big Three’ – Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill – meet for the first time at the