Pain Read Free

Press, 2010).
    6 . “Proper care or our uniformed citizens and appreciation of [their] past service … are part of our accepted governmental responsibilities.” Dwight D. Eisenhower, State of the Union address, February 2, 1953,
Public Papers of the Presidents: Dwight D. Eisenhower
(Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1954), 12:33; for an authoritative history of SSDI, see Edward Berkowitz,
Disabled Policy: America’s Programs for the Handicapped
(New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987).
    7 . See Wilma T. Donahue and Clark Tibbits, “The Task before the Veteran and Society,”
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
, vol. 239,
The Disabled Veteran
(May, 1945), ed. Wilma T. Donahue and Clark Tibbits (Philadelphia, American Academy of Political and Social Science), 1–9; Roy R. Grinker and John P. Spiegel,
Men under Stress
(Philadelphia: Blakiston, 1945), 449. These concerns were widespread. See for example Frank Fearing, “Warriors Return: Normal or Neurotic?”
Hollywood Quarterly
1 (October 1945): 97–109.
    8 . Charles Reich, “The New Property,”
Yale Law Journal
73 (April 1964): 733–87; see also John Kenneth Galbraith,
The Affluent Society and Other Writings 1952–1967
(New York: Penguin, 2010).
    9 . “There are two groups of individuals,” wrote William Menninger, psychiatrist in the Office of the Surgeon General, “whom psychiatrists have to evaluatethat are not sick but are nonetheless noneffective in military service.” The men he labeled “can’ts” were “inept and lacking in ability.” The “won’ts” were “potentially capable of doing the job required of them” but were unwilling. William Menninger, “The Mentally or Emotionally Handicapped Veteran,” in Donahue and Tibbits,
Disabled Veteran
, 20–28.
    10 . Donahue and Tibbits, “Task before the Veteran and Society.”
    11 . As historian James Sparrow has noted, the commitments coming out of war both reinforced the commitments of New Deal liberalism and extended those commitments in new ways—the GI Bill being the foremost example. See James Sparrow,
Warfare State: World War II Americans and the Age of Big Government
(New York: Oxford, 2011); for “a roof over the head …,” see Sam Stavisky, “Where Does the Veteran Stand Today?”
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
, vol. 259,
Parties and Politics: 1948
(September, 1948), 135; for “sense of inadequacy …,” Donahue and Tibbits, “Task before the Veteran and Society”;
Annual Report: Administrator of Veterans Affairs, 1952
(Washington, D.C.: General Printing Office, 1952), 68; for an example of expansion of “service-related” ailments, see Public Law 174 passed by the Eighty-Second Congress, which provided for broader coverage of multiple sclerosis as a disability when diagnosed within two years of separation from active service,
Annual Report: Administrator of Veterans Affairs, 1952
, 67; for Truman’s views, see Philip J. Funigiello,
Chronic Politics: Health Care Security from FDR to George W. Bush
(Lawrence: University of Kansas, 2006), 61; for “this means a profound change …,” see Box 88, folder: Basic Philosophy of Pensions Supporting Data (1), U.S. President’s Commission on Veterans’ Pensions (Bradley Commission): Records, 1954–58, Dwight D. Eisenhower Library, Abilene, KS.
    12 . Ray Cromley, “Doctors Prescribe Less ‘Civilization’ for Your Chronic Aches and Pains,”
Wall Street Journal
, December 8, 1949, 1. Knapp was former president of the American Congress of Rehabilitative Medicine.
    13 . Ibid.
    14 . Arthur J. Altmeyer, “The Future of Social Security,”
Social Service Review
27 (September 1953): 267.
    15 . For the testimony of the director of the Veterans Administration, see