mutation is a change in the DNA of an organism that affects appearance, behavior, and the organism’s physiology. These mutations enable the changes that Darwin mentions. Mutations are random, and not all mutations lead to evolution. If a mutation doesn’t occur in reproductive cells, it is somatic and it will not be passed on to offspring.
LATIN
An Extinct Language and New Latin Because humanists during the Renaissance were writing in an old language, they did not have the proper vocabulary for current issues. This gave the language an old, antiquated feel. Over time, less was written in Latin, until ultimately, the language became extinct. From that point on and to this day, the most common form of Latin is known as New Latin. This is Latin used for international scientific vocabulary, systematics, and the classification of species.
LESSON 1 QUIZ
What river or rivers did the Sumerians first develop civilizations on?
The Nile River
Tigris and Euphrates
The Indus
Amu Darya
What are the Hittites most known for?
Inventing the wheel
Creating cuneiform
Expanding trade and commerce
Creating the Code of Hammurabi
Which of the following is correct?
When you’ve finished the last part of your exam, put your pencils down.
When you’ve finished the last part of your exam. Put your pencils down.
When you’ve, finished the last part of your exam; put your pencils down.
When—You’ve finished the last part of your exam put your pencils down.
When is the en dash used?
It can be used instead of a comma.
It can be used to place emphasis on one of two connected independent clauses.
To end a train of thought.
To indicate a span of values between two numbers.
What is the current number system we use today?
Arabic Numerals
Egyptian Numbers
Greek Numbers
Babylonian Numerals
What is an imaginary number?
A negative number
A number that when multiplied the result is positive
A number that when squared the result is negative
A number that when squared the result is positive
What did Charles Darwin
notice about the finches of the Galapagos?
Their legs were different sizes.
Their beaks were different shapes and sizes.
Their wings were different shapes and sizes.
Their beaks were different colors.
Genetic drift is a result of:
Chance
Luck
Mutations
A and B
The closest ancestor to the Romance languages is:
Classical Latin
New Latin
Vulgar Latin
Medieval Latin
Latin became an extinct language because:
The language blended with other languages until it was unrecognizable.
All of the people who spoke it died.
During the Renaissance, people wanted to return to a time before people spoke Latin.
Latin didn’t have vocabulary relevant to current issues and felt old and antiquated.
ANSWER KEY: b, c, a, d, a, c, b, d, c, d
Lesson 2
HISTORY: Xia Dynasty
Real or Legend?, Yu the Great, The Political Systems, Decline of the Xia Dynasty, Controversies Today, Archaeological Findings
LANGUAGE ARTS: Phonics
What Is Phonics?, Synthetic Phonics, Analytical Phonics, Vowel Patterns, Consonant Patterns, Alphabetic Principle
MATH: Zero
A Placeholder, A Number That Means Nothing, The First Use of Zero, The Origins of the Symbol, The Rules of Brahmagupta,
Other Rules of Zero
SCIENCE: Cells
The Basic Unit of Life, Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells, Plant Cells, Animal Cells, Structure of a Cell, The Nucleus
FOREIGN LANGUAGE: Spanish
The History of the Spanish Language, Making Spanish Official, Spanish Spreads, Framing a Sentence, Spanish Today, Useful Phrases
LESSON 2A
XIA DYNASTY
Real or Legend? The Xia Dynasty, said to be the first dynasty of China, is supposed to have lasted from the twenty-first to the seventeenth century b.c. with seventeen emperors. There is little evidence showing the existence of the Xia Dynasty, and whether it actually existed or is merely a legend told in the ancient texts is still up for debate.
PHONICS
What Is Phonics? Phonics is a method of teaching English. The main idea is that first students are taught the various sounds of the