Teorías sobre la plusvalía (Tomo IV de El Capital) vol. III Read Free Page A

in the quantity of the funds for the maintenance of labour faster than the increase of population.» ( ibidem , p. 319-320) [traducción alemana de Karl Marx . «Das Kapital», t. I, Berlin, 1961, p. 668],
    27. «When capital is employed in advancing to the workman his wages, it adds nothing to the funds for the maintenance of labour , but simply consists in the application of a certain portion of […] funds already in existance, to [18] the purposes of production.» ( T. R. Malthus «Definitions in Political Economy…» by John Cazenove, Londres, 1853, p. 22, nota)
    27. « Accumulated Labour . The [19] labour worked up in the raw materials and tools applied to the production of other commodities.» ( ibidem , p. 13)
    28. «… the labour [20] worked up in the capital necessary to their production were [21] designated by the term accumulated labour , as contra-distinguished from the immediate labour employed by the last capitalist .» ( ibidem , pp. 28-29)
    28. «[If]… hundred pounds […] expended in immediate labour […] the returns come in at the end of the year […] £ 110, £ 120 or £ 130, it is evident that in each case the profit will be determined by the proportion of the value of the whole produce which is required to pay the labour employed . If the value of the produce in […] market be £ 110, the proportion required to pay the labourers will be 10/11 of the value of the produce, and profits will be ten per cent. If the value of the produce be £ 120, the proportion required to pay the labour employed will be [22] 10/12 and profits will be twenty per cent. If […]£ 130, the proportion required to pay the labour advanced will be 10/13, and profits will be thirty per cent.» ( T. R. Malthus «Principles of Political Economy…», Londres, 1836, p. 267)
    28. «… the advances of the capitalist do not consist of labour alone […] the capitalist […] expects an equal profit upon all the parts of the capital which he advances . Let us suppose that a certain portion of the value of his advances, one-fourth for instance, consists of the wages of immediate labour, and [23] three-fourth consists of accumulated labour and profits, with any additions which may arise from rents, taxes, or [24] other outgoings. […] it will be [25] strictly true that the profits of the capitalist will vary with the varying value of this one-fourth of the [26] produce compared with the quantity of labour employed […] a farmer [27] employs in the cultivation […] £ 2.000, £ 1.500 of which […] in seed, keep or horses, wear and tear of his fixed capital, interest upon his fixed and circulating capitals, rents, tithes, taxes, etc, and £ 500 immediate labour, and[…]the returns […] at the end of the year are worth [28] £ 2.400 […] the farmer’s profit will be £ 400, or twenty per cent. [29] And it is equally obvious that if we took one-fourth of the value of the produce, namely £ 600, and compared it with the amount paid in the wages of immediate labour, the result would shew exactly the same rate of profits.» (ibidem , pp. 267-268) [487]
    28. «… profits will be [30] determinated by the proportion of the value of the whole produce which is required to pay the labour employed.» ( ibidem , p. 267)
    29. «… the capitalist […] expects an equal profit upon all the parts of the capital, which he advances» ( ibidem , p. 268)
    29. «… that the profits of the capitalist will vary with the varying value of this one-fourth of the [31] produce compared with the quantity of labour employed…» ( ibidem , p. 268)
    30. «… giving more produce for a given quantity of labour, or getting more labour for a given quantity of produce, are one and the same thing in his “view”; instead of being, as one would have supposed, just the contrary.» («Observations on certain Verbal Disputes in Political Economy…», Londres, 1821, p. 52)
    31. «“In the same place, and at the same time, the different quantities of day-labour,